Optimization of Speckle Pattern Generation for DIC-based Mechanical Characterization of Automotive Synthetic Leathers

Vivien Nemes; Szabolcs Szalai; Brigitta Fruzsina Szívós; Dmytro Kurhan; Mykola Sysyn; Szabolcs Fischer

doi:10.31181/sems41202681

Authors

Vivien Nemes Central Campus Győr, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3312-4413
Szabolcs Szalai Central Campus Győr, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-1135
Brigitta Fruzsina Szívós Central Campus Győr, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6110-345X
Dmytro Kurhan Central Campus Győr, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9448-5269
Mykola Sysyn Department of Planning and Design of Railway Infrastructure, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6893-0018
Szabolcs Fischer Central Campus Győr, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7298-9960

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31181/sems41202681

Keywords:

DIC, Surface preparation and deformation measurement, Synthetic leather, Painting techniques, Speckle pattern

Abstract

Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a pivotal non-contact technique for full-field deformation analysis in automotive engineering. However, the high flexibility and porosity of synthetic leathers often compromise speckle pattern stability and measurement accuracy. This study presents a systematic evaluation of commercial spray paints to optimize speckle pattern generation for automotive PVC and felt-based leathers. The methodology integrates standardized adhesion testing (ISO 2409 cross-cut test), drying-time optimization, and microscopic characterization to ensure robust bonding. Performance was validated through Erichsen cupping tests, simulating multi-axial strain states typical of automotive interior components. Results demonstrate that solvent-based acrylic sprays provide superior adhesion (ISO Class 0) and maintain pattern integrity under large deformations (up to 30% strain), whereas water-based alternatives suffer from cracking and delamination. The optimized painting protocol significantly reduces correlation errors and "lost subsets" in DIC software. This research provides a reliable experimental foundation for material characterization and Finite Element Method (FEM) validation of interior systems. The findings offer a practical, cost-effective framework for enhancing optical strain measurement precision in the automotive manufacturing and testing sectors.

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